The Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson And...

Social ideas and philosophies in early American history have affected the way society has developed. For example, the use of common sense in Thomas Pain’s article advocate`s unity among all Americans. Some of these philosophies and ideas are still valued today, but others have lost value with the development of society. The two articles â€Å"The Declaration of Independence† by Thomas Jefferson and â€Å"Models of Christianity† written by John Winthrop will describe how some social interactions have changed such as religion, and others have stayed the same such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Religion helped early settlers become a unified society in early America. People who first immigrated to America really valued the Christian religion. Since the early settlers did not have any set laws or government, Christianity gave early people a guide in the new world. The two set guides that they followed was the Law of Nature and the Law of the gospel. F irst, the law of the gospel motivated Christians to be different than others. They are different because they did good to everyone in their community and welcomed strangers that had no place to go. A main rule that goes with the law of the gospel was that a real Christian will love his neighbor just as much as himself which is stated in the article â€Å"A Model of Christianity†. Governor John Winthrop states â€Å"By the first of these laws, man as he was enabled so withal is commanded to love his neighbor as himself.† This proves howShow MoreRelatedThe United States As A Christian Nation1277 Words   |  6 PagesChristian ideals. And while the U.S. Constitution prohibits any religious test or requirement for public office, the majority of U.S. presidents have been openly Christian. Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln, two of our most famous presidents, however had no formal religious affiliations. Jefferson shunned orthodox Christianity at an early age and cut an d pasted together a condensed version of the New Testament, removing most miracles and all references to Jesus’s divinity. He did, however, continueRead MoreEssay about a christian nation802 Words   |  4 Pagesis a Christian nation. After reading the Church book, however, I believe it is obvious that our country was not in fact founded on Christianity. Even though many religious right groups insist our laws should enforce the doctrines of Protestant Christianity. The documents written by our founding fathers say otherwise. The U.S. Constitution has no mention of Christianity or Jesus Christ, and is evidence within itself that our country was not founded as a Christian nation. The men who founded the legislatureRead MoreAge Of Enlightenment1210 Words   |  5 Pagescolonial America. The Declaration of Independence and the Bill of Rights, two of the most fundamental documents of American law, are perhaps the crowning achievements of the Enlightenment. Specifically impacted by John Locke, Benedict Spinoza, and Gotthold Ephraim Lessing in the realms of governmental boundaries and religious freedom, the political documents have entirely shaped America into the nation it is today. Divided into four distinct parts and written largely by Thomas Jefferson, a Founding FatherRead MoreA Person s Religious Practices1738 Words   |  7 Pagesbelieve there needs to be a distinct separation between religion and the running of our country lest we find ourselves in the same situation as the colonists did prior to their leaving England. Of Monarchy and Hereditary Succession In Common Sense Thomas Paine speaks at length on the matter of a monarchy and hereditary succession. Specifically, he opens that section with, â€Å"Mankind being originally equals in the order of creation, the equality could only be destroyed by some subsequent circumstanceRead MoreAmerican History: America Now and Then2171 Words   |  9 Pagescountry to bloom out of sheer darkness. Great leaders like Thomas Jefferson have played an important role to shape America to what it is right now. John Winthrop was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the chief figure among the Puritan founders of New England. He was the one to establish a civilized society in the middle of nowhere and help United States bloom. Thomas Jefferson- author of the Declaration of Independence, third president of United States and the founder of the UniversityRead More Religion in government: a plea for our morals and their influence in our lives1781 Words   |  8 Pagesor prohibiting the free exercise thereof.† Was intended to prevent the establishment of laws supportive to religious practices and morals no matter how widely held by the citizenry. And that this is indicative to our country not being founded on Christianity. These arguments, in my humble opinion, are asinine considering the religious backgrounds and beliefs of the framers of this great document. These great men were community leaders, ministers, and above all, Christians. James Madison, regardedRead MoreJohn Locke1815 Words   |  8 PagesThe enlightenment era arose in the modern cultural ideology of the 18th century, as ideas among philosophers had a widespread effect among the society. The age of enlightenment, in western society, projected the rejection of traditional Christianity, western philosophy, intellectual advances, scientific, and cultural life, government legitimacy and authority. Upon the enlightenment period multiple philosophers emerged, the individuals arose to leading figures using reason to understand all aspectsRead MoreEssay On Abigail Adams1921 Words   |  8 Pagesinfluence, which she most commonly used in her letters to various people of power to promote her own ideas. Abigail Adams’ intentionally used her brilliant mind and strong presence in early American history to support the growing foundation of American independence and create a foundation for female empowerment and education. Abigail Adams’ first and foremost passion was always education, especially for women. As previously stated, she received a decent education herself, and had a passion for learning andRead MoreThe History of American Literature3501 Words   |  15 Pagesbefore settlers arrived in America, explorers reported on their voyages to the continent. Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci provided some of the earliest European descriptions of the American continent. Before 1600 Sir Walter Raleigh, Richard Hakluyt, Thomas Harriot, and John White had published accounts of discoveries. The writings of Captain John Smith, an explorer whose travels took him up and down the eastern seaboard of America, represent a shift from exploration narrative toward early historyRead MorePuritan Verse Twenty Century Deist Thinking2525 Words   |  11 PagesAmericans. The Puritans forced the Indians, who had no sense of landownership, to sell their lands. Many of these natives then became assimilated into the Puritan culture. Puritans illegalized Native American religions and often converted them to Christianity. The Massachusetts Bay colonies did not use slaves. To server their labor needs they heavily relied on families, but even more specifically, children. The average family would consist of a large amount of children that were responsible for farming

Analysing the Generation Effect Essay - 558 Words

Noteworthy findings indicated that the participants recognized more items from the generate condition than read condition. A notable large effect between the two conditions was detected as well. Slamecka and Graf (1978) strongly suggested that generation effect existed, despite of other argumentative claims. Under the same category, items involve providing a stimulus and response in the generate condition confirms improve memory in the later recognition test versus items in the read condition. Perhaps how the items encode and retrieve from the memory can be interpreted as well. An alternative explanation argued that levels of processing took place during the generate condition where the second items were led to deeper and elaborative†¦show more content†¦Moreover, the generation effect serves the similar purpose as testing effect in educational settings. Roediger and Karpicke (2006) claimed that the testing is a beneficial method in long-term retention of the materials, comp aring to no testing at all. Likewise, the generate condition in this experiment works an equivalent pattern as a multiple choice tests where some kind of recognition takes place in learning and memory (Roediger Karpicke, 2006). Briefly, the generation effect assists people to retain better memory and thus improve learning across different circumstances. More importantly, the testing phenomenon serves an educational purpose for students at school, regardless of short answer questions, multiple choice questions, or essay questions where no feedback is necessary (Roediger Karpicke, 2006). However, repetitive studying will not guarantee better retention rate in terms of delay testing, and retesting will have a greater impact (Roediger Karpicke, 2006). In practical applications, using flashcards with only key words written and creating tests without multiple choice questions are some of the examples of putting generation effect in use. Based on current researches, repetitive testing p roduces a powerful effect especially in delayed tests. Yet, the research on the boundary of how long the delay of the tests require before the materials diminish are still unknown. This way, teachers andShow MoreRelatedSlang Is So Popular With The Younger Generations1603 Words   |  7 Pagespeers. Because slang is mainly spoken by younger people, the use of it almost puts up a barrier between children and adults. This barrier gives the youth a sense of rebellion. This may be one of the reasons why slang is so popular with the younger generations, this feeling gives them a sense of freedom and independence. Additionally, this may also be one of the reasons why many people disapprove of the use of slang. Some people believe that the use of slang suggests bad manners and morals, this leadsRead MoreThe Impact of Technology on the Critical Thinking of Tertiary Students in School X657 Words   |  3 Pagesdisposed to consider in a thoughtful way the problems and subjects that come with in the range of ones experiences.† This is where thinking is an intellectual process done by analysing, evaluating and applying the content and making decisions that are not based on any personal biases. Students should be engaged in analysing the evidence and coming up with solutions to the various problems that they face. Research Problem Statement After observing tertiary students for about three years, a declineRead MoreThe Balanced Scorecard And How It Is Used For A Competitive Advantage Within The Business Industry1229 Words   |  5 Pagesany inefficiencies or bottlenecks in the management or production system. These four perspectives comprise the balanced scorecard that has since been utilised by many private and public companies (Akkermans and Oorschot 2005). By collecting and analysing the information found, organisations can keep track of their management system to create opportunities and improve on any shortcomings, making their business more efficient and effective. Historical Development of the Balanced Scorecard The balancedRead MorePublic Attitude Towards Immigration At Supranational, National And Regional Level865 Words   |  4 Pagesresearch. The EU level (Supranational level) Within the EU, immigration is one of the highly salient issues (Balestirini, 2015: 3; Cerna, 2013: 1; Rustenbach, 2010: 53). Some studies examined public attitudes toward immigration in Europe with analysing cross-sectional survey such as European Social Survey (ESS) and Eurostat. According to Hatton (2014a: ) and Balestrini (2015: 9), people in different countries showed different attitude toward immigration among the EU countries whereas Markaki (2012:Read MoreUnderstanding The Experiential Learning Process868 Words   |  4 PagesReflection is the method of analysing an activity with a view of changing an existing approach or adopting a new perspective on an experience (Nguyen et al 2014). Boyd and Fales (1983) state â€Å"that this process is central to understanding the experiential learning process†. According to Trottier (2015) Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) is the process of an organisation gathering and analysing information that is available to anyone. Websites a nd applications dedicated to Social media is one of theRead MorePublic Attitude Towards Immigration And Clarify Implementation Gaps1443 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch. The EU level (Supranational level) Within the EU, immigration is one of the highly salient issues (Balestirini, 2015: 3; Cerna, 2013: 1; Rustenbach, 2010: 53). Some studies examined public attitudes toward immigration in Europe with analysing cross-sectional survey such as European Social Survey involving 20 countries and official statistics such as Eurostat by the European Commission (EC). According to Hatton (2014a: 11) and Balestrini (2015: 9), people in different countries showedRead MoreStandardized Testing And Its Impact On Education1547 Words   |  7 Pageswas the school systems developing a method that was structured towards the educational and professional development of students. This was eventually the model that would be shared by other countries as a building block to the module that they had in effect at the time. As time passed by, however the education system in the U.S. underwent several major changes in education and eventually the implementation of standardised testing became more prevalent in our society. The standardised testing system isRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoking Ban On Employees And Passive Smokers At Work Place And Home1295 Words   |  6 PagesInvestigating the effects of Workplace Smoking Ban Contents Investigating the effects of Workplace Smoking Ban 1 Aim and Objectives 1 Literature Review / Research Background 2 Research Rationale 3 Learning Outcomes 3 Study Design 4 Type of Study 4 Type of Design 4 Data Types 4 Ethics 5 Risk 5 Required Resources 5 Research Time Frame 5 References 6 Aim and Objectives The kay aim of the research is to investigate the effects of smoking ban at work place on employees and these effects may include healthRead MoreEnhancing Student Relatioship Management With Social Media Marketing929 Words   |  4 PagesApplication of social media have joined and educational institutions. International universities have begun to expand their educational techniques and extend their principles on social media as one of the ways to communicate with students. Analysing the worlds top-ranked universities and their performance on social media sites, leads to data that shows that all social networks are included when it comes to communication with students. As the most effective is Facebook, which was created exactlyRead MoreSustainability And The Value Of Residential Properties1250 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding sustainability †¢ Understanding the UK policy framework with regards to sustainable features in property and the impact of such legislation on property †¢ Analysing the role of sustainability in the residential property market †¢ Determining the incentives and barriers to implementing sustainable features in refurbishment †¢ Analysing the effect that sustainable features have on the value of property Understanding Sustainability Climate change has become one of the world’s most important issues.

UK Banking Regulation Ring-Fencing Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the UK Banking Regulation Ring-Fencing. Answer: Introduction The banking regulation in the United Kingdom has undergone many significant changes in the current years after the occurrence of the financial crisis. The financial crisis placed emphasis on developing a banking sector in the UK that is able to maintain health and stability. The reforms are mainly introduced in the banking sector of the UK to change its regulatory structure for simplifying the regulation of banks in the UK. In this context, the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA), a part of Bank of England, has developed a new regulation Ring-fencing for separating retail operations from investment banking operations (Vickers, 2011). The present report in this regard emphasizes on the need of developing ring-fencing and its limitations. In addition to this, the report analyses the implementation of ring-fencing in one of the UK bank, such as HSBC, for examining its implications on the customers. Also, the report addresses the challenges faced by the bank in implementing such regula tory changes. UK Banking Regulation Ring-Fencing The Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) has been developed as a part of Bank of England by the Financial Services Act in the year 2012 for developing policies related to prudential regulation and supervision of UK banks. The PRA has developed new policies in relation to the implementation of new regulation in the UK banking sector of ring-fencing. The legislation of ring-fencing is introduced for the purpose of separating the operations of retail banking from investment banking in the major UK banks. This is done for protecting the customer interests by safeguarding the bank daily operations from the risks arising due to failure in their other businesses. The separation of core retail banking operations from other types of banking activities is one of the most important reforms introduced by the UK government for strengthening the UK financial system. The retail banking operations involves managing the savings and current accounts, deposits and personal loans activities of its clie nts. On the other hand, investment banking operations includes raising funds by sale of securities to the companies and the government (Prudential Regulation Authority, 2016). The bank of England is currently placing large emphasis on implementing the ring-fencing rules in the banking sector of the country for improving its ability to withstand the financial shocks. The adoption of such a structure in the banks that will separate retail and commercial activities will reduce the risk for the customers. As such, the regulation of ring-fencing will help in reducing the risks in the main services provided by the banks such as deposits, current accounts, saving accounts and payments. The ring-fencing regulation aims to promote the financial stability in the UK banking sector by improving the resilience of the major banks of the country. It is thus regarded as a major step towards improving the financial system of the UK after the occurrence of the financial crisis. The large banks of the UK by placing the investment and international banking activities at the same level often faces several types of problems. This is the main function of the banks of lending, de posit and payments are put to risk if there occurs some problems in its investment activities such as that occurred during financial crisis (International Monetary Fund, 2016). The ring-fencing regulation will be implemented to the banks that have average deposits of more than 25 billion for more than three years. There are mainly six banks that are subject to implementation of such regulations that are HSBC, Barclays, Lloyds Banking Group, RBS, Santander UK and the Co-operative Bank. The ring-fencing is to be introduced from the year 2019 in the UK banking sector to secure the confidence of the consumers in the banking sector post-crisis. As such, the PRA is currently emphasizing on developing supervision policies for monitoring the banking activities after the development of their ring-fenced structures. The PRA holds the responsibility of examining the extent of compliance of the banks with the ring-fencing provisions and posses the electrification power in case of non-compliance of bank with the new regulations. The electrification power of the PRA enables them to implement structural changes in the banks so that they comply with the ring-fencing regula tions. The ring-fenced structures will enable the banks to manage the failure in its investment activities in a proper way without impacting its daily business operations. This in turn will help in reducing the occurrence of the financial crisis in the future and thus strengthening the UK economy (Financial Conduct Authority, 2016). The central bank is also facing several challenges for the adoption of the ring-fencing regulations in the UK banking sector. The banks have to incur a huge expenditure for implementing the ring-fencing reforms. As such, the increase in the cost for introducing such regulations will have an impact on the money available for lending purposes by the banks. The adoption of ring-fencing structure will also increase the complexity level for the customers as they have to create new accounts for supporting these structural changes. The ring-fencing regulations proposed by the PRA will only be applicable to the large banks of the UK thus creating an asymmetry in the banking sector (Vickers, 2011). The banks that are subject to the implementation of the new regulations will have to restructure their operational activities completely by transforming the structure of their balance sheet and governance system. This will lead to the occurrence of an operational risk in the banking structure if th ey fail to successfully adopt the proposed changes. In addition to this, the ring-fencing regulations will increase the competition in the banking sector of the UK between the larger banks. Also, there is significant risk of occurrence of fraudulent activities in the banking sector with the changes in the accounts numbers and customer codes. The fraudsters can send emails to the customers for seeking their personal details and thus can gain access to their accounts. As such, it is essential that PRA should work in co-operation with the banks to facilitate communication and thus reducing the chances of occurrence of such risks (Farlow, 2013). Implementation of Ring-fencing Regulation in HSBC UK Bank The HSBC Bank is recognized to be largest banking and financial services provider organization in the world and comprises of 7,500 offices in over 80 countries. It provides variety of services to its customers such as loans, mortgages, savings, investments and credit cards. The HSBC is recognized to be the first bank that has initiated the process of adopting the ring-fencing regulations of the PRA in the UK. The bank has started the process of changing the account numbers and customer codes in order to comply with the ring-fencing rules. However, this has resulted in causing disruption in the customer services due to re-direction of payments and replacement of cards. The HSBC has also provided warning to its customers about the possibilities of occurrence of fraudulent activities so that customers get alert and does not become prone to such frauds. The customers are also require to update the details of their account on their own for the purpose of carrying out online purchases and other such services (Kynaston and Roberts, 2015). The bank has also predicted that its restructuring is likely to impact about 1 million people across the banking sector. The bank has proposed that under the new regulations it will separate its personal and business customers in the UK by causing changes in its legal entity name from HSBC Bank plc to HSBC UK Bank plc. For this purpose, the customers of the bank in the UK will receive a new international bank account number (IBAN) due to the bank being provided by a unique Bank Identifier Code (BIC). The customers will be provided detailed information about the proposed changes so that they can comply easily with the mentioned changes (Meadows, 2017). The HSBC has also provided sufficient details about the impact of the ring-fencing changes on its retail and investment customers. The retail bank customers include all the personal and commercial customers of the bank in the UK that will be directly affected by the structural changes. The customers bank account number and sort code are likely to change that will cause them problem in their payments. The HSBC bank is also aiming to obtain the permission of High Court for transferring its personal and business customers in the UK to HSBC UK. The compliance with the new banking regulations in the UK will cause the bank to restructure its operations that involves huge time and money. Also, the bank at the same time has to maintain the confidence of its customers in its banking facilities by reducing their inconvenience and helping them at every stage (HSBC Bank plc, 2017). In addition to this, the HSBC bank is also facing issues regarding the implementation of the new rules in the year 2009 as these are taking place at the same time when the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) is planning to investigate in the banking industry. As such the bank is asking the government to delay its plan of implementing ring-fencing regulations. This is because the investigation of the banking sector by the CMA will also cause some structural changes and it could recommend some structural cages that can make it difficult for the UK banks to operate under the new ring-fencing regulations. The HSBC is also facing several issues for putting the ring-fencing arrangements in place. This includes gaining funds to meet the increasing expenses of restructuring that means the bank should either increase the prices for their personal and business clients or pulling out the deals where the returns are low (Treanor, 2014). The bank also needs to develop more international banking relationships for diversifying the sources for raising the funds. The bank also needs to actively work for separating its ring-fenced and non-ring-fenced services as per the new banking regulations in order to ensure that its retail and investment operations are completely independent of each other. In this context, the bank should ensure that its new ring-fenced HSBC UK will provide retail baking services to its personal and commercial customers in the UK. On the other hand, its non-ring-fenced HSBC Bank Plc will provide investment banking services to the global banks and market customers through its wholesale and investment banking division (HSBC 'given licence for ring-fenced UK banking business', 2017). The challenges discussed above are not only impacting HSBC bank but these issues can be regarded to be sector-specific rather than being banking-specific. The overall banking sector of the UK is facing these issues for complying with the ring-fencing regulations. The ring-fencing regulation is presenting an attractive opportunity to the international banks for gaining presence in the UK banking sector. The European, US and Asian banks are becoming active in the UK banking industry and this will lead to increase in the competition between the domestic and foreign banks. The domestic banks of the UK are largely facing pressure to comply with the new regulations and as such the rise in competition by the foreign players will further impact their growth and development. The foreign banks have an undue advantage of offering cheap banking services to the UK customers as these are not impacted by the ring-fencing rules (Reilly, 2017). Thus, it can cause the increase in the market share of the foreign banks in the banking industry causing potential problems for the domestic banks of the UK. The banking sector of the UK is also faced with the challenge of protecting the customers from the possibilities of occurrence of fraudulent activities. The banking industry as such is required to work in integration with each other to promote awareness among the customers about the numerous frauds that can occur with the structural changes imposed in the banking sector. The PRA should work in co-operation with the banking sector so that they can successfully comply with the new banking regulations. This will help the banks to avoid the occurrence of financial crisis and maintain stability in their operational activities. However, it is essential for the government to make proper arrangements such as improving the loss-absorbing capacity of banks and outlining a structural plan so that they can successfully implement the ring-fe ncing structural regulations (Bank ring-fencing reforms to affect one million customers, 2017). Conclusion Thus, it can be summarized form the overall discussion held in the report that ring-fencing regulation of the PRA aims to impose higher standards of conduct in the UK banks. The reform is introduced with the objective of improving the financials stability of the UK banking sector after the occurrence of global financial crisis. The ring-fencing regulation is planned to be adopted by the UK banks from the year 2019 that will require the banks to separate their retail and investment banking operations. The ring-fencing regulations will be implemented in the major banks of the UK such as HSBC and Barclays who satisfy its threshold criteria. The HSBC is recognized to be the first bank to initiate the structural changes by developing a new legal entity known as HSBC UK for complying with the ring-fencing regulations. However, the HSBC is facing several challenges for restructuring its baking activities as per the new rules. The bank is required to maintain the trust of its customers and a lso have to meet the significant expenses caused in its restructuring. The challenges that are faced by HSBC banks for complying with the ring-fencing regulations adequately is not only limited to a specific bank but impacts the overall banking sector of the UK. As such, all the large banks of UK should work in integration in order to successfully comply with such reforms and prevent the entry of foreign banks in the UK banking industry. References Bank ring-fencing reforms to affect one million customers. 2017. [Online]. Available at: https://www.out-law.com/en/articles/2017/june/bank-ring-fencing-reforms-to-affect-one-million-customers/ [Accessed on: 26 October 2017]. Farlow, A. 2013. Crash and Beyond: Causes and Consequences of the Global Financial Crisis. OUP Oxford. Financial Conduct Authority. 2016. Ring Fencing. [Online]. Available at: https://www.fca.org.uk/consumers/ring-fencing [Accessed on: 26 October 2017]. HSBC Bank plc. 2017. UK Ring-fencing. [Online]. Available at: https://www.hsbc.co.uk/1/2/ringfencedbank [Accessed on: 26 October 2017]. HSBC 'given licence for ring-fenced UK banking business'. 2017. [Online]. Available at: https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/business/news/hsbc-given-licence-for-ringfenced-uk-banking-business-35905308.html [Accessed on: 26 October 2017]. International Monetary Fund. 2016. United Kingdom: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Financial System Stability Assessment. INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. Kynaston, D. and Roberts, R. 2015. The Lion Wakes: A Modern History of HSBC. Profile Books. Meadows, S. 2017. HSBC changes 170,000 customers' sort codes: what you need to know. [Online]. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/personal-banking/current-accounts/hsbc-change-170000-customers-sort-codes-need-know/ [Accessed on: 26 October 2017]. Prudential Regulation Authority. 2016. The implementation of ring-fencing: reporting and residual matters CP25/16. [Online]. Available at: https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/pra/Pages/publications/cp/2016/cp2516.aspx [Accessed on: 26 October 2017]. Reilly, A. 2017. LPC-UK banks face loan ring-fencing challenge. [Online]. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/ringfence-loan-loans/lpc-uk-banks-face-loan-ring-fencing-challenge-idUSL8N1MA62U [Accessed on: 26 October 2017]. Treanor, J. 2014. HSBC chairman calls for halt on rules ringfencing high-street business. [Online]. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/aug/03/hsbc-chairman-douglas-flint-calls-halt-rules-ringfencing-high-street-business [Accessed on: 26 October 2017]. Vickers, J. 2011. Independent Commission on Banking final report: recommendations. The Stationery Office.